Essay on Leadership - 1121 Words

There is a lot of debate on the differences between leadership and management. In the sports profession there are both leaders and managers. Which positions historically lead and which positions do more managing? With this thought in mind, add your comments to the questions listed below in the discussion section. Feel free to add to existing comments. Leadership and Management Which positions (jobs) in the sports profession do individuals do more leading than managing? Which individuals do more managing than leading?† Pick at least two positions for each category and then justify your response The leading difference between managers and leaders is the way they influence the people who work or follow them, and this†¦show more content†¦A surprising number of these leaders had some form of handicap in their lives which they had to overcome. Some had traumatic childhoods, some had problems such as dyslexia, others were shorter than average. This perhaps taught them the independence of mind that is needed to go out on a limb and not worry about what others are thinking about you. In summary This table summarizes the above (and more) and gives a sense of the differences between being a leader and being a manager. This is, of course, an illustrative characterization, and there is a whole spectrum between either ends of these scales along which each role can range. And many people lead and manage at the same time, and so may display a combination of behaviors. Subject | Leader | Manager | Essence | Change | Stability | Focus | Leading people | Managing work | Have | Followers | Subordinates | Horizon | Long-term | Short-term | Seeks | Vision | Objectives | Approach | Sets direction | Plans detail | Decision | Facilitates | Makes | Power | Personal charisma | Formal authority | Appeal to | Heart | Head | Energy | Passion | Control | Culture | Shapes | Enacts | Dynamic | Proactive | Reactive | Persuasion | Sell | Tell | Style | Transformational | Transactional | Exchange | Excitement for work | Money for workShow MoreRelatedThe Leadership Of Leadership And Leadership842 Word s   |  4 Pagesideals of leadership, I met with two respected and admired school leaders: the Assistant Principal/Dean of Curriculum, and the Athletic Director. I chose these two school leaders because I wanted to gain an understanding of leadership from two diverse perspectives. I am thankful for the opportunity to hear from two different types of leaders, who ultimately share a lot of the same visions for my school and for leadership in general. While both subjects shared a similar definition of leadership, theirRead MoreLeadership And Leadership Of Leadership1711 Words   |  7 Pages7. Facilitative Leadership Facilitative leadership is dependent on quantities and outcomes – not a skill, though it takes much skill to master. The efficiency of a group is directly related to the effectiveness of its process. If the group is high operational, the facilitative leader uses a light hand on the procedure. 8. Laissez-faire Leadership Laissez-faire leadership gives expert to workers. According to AZ central, sections or subordinates are acceptable to work as they choose with nominal.Read MoreLeadership : Leadership And Leadership1605 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership Examined There have been many great leaders down through history. Leaders that have influenced change throughout many aspects of society. Great leaders have great influence. The effectiveness of a leader is determined by his leadership style. With so many styles to choose from, and the fact that not one style fits all situations, becoming an effective leader is a challenging task. One reflective note is that it is important to cultivate good leadership skills. One must evaluate personalRead MoreLeadership : Leadership And Leadership1225 Words   |  5 Pages with their team. Leadership is â€Å"the behavior of an individual . . . directing the activities of a group toward a shared goal† (Hemphill Coons, (1957). p. 7). †¢ Leadership is â€Å"the influential increment over and above mechanical compliance with the routine directives of the organization† (Katz Kahn, (1978). p. 528). †¢ Leadership is â€Å"the process of influencing the activities of an organized group toward goal achievement† (Rauch Behling, (1984). p. 46). †¢ â€Å"Leadership is about articulatingRead MoreLeadership : Leadership And Leadership1476 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Effectiveness There are many different approaches to leadership, which can be dependent upon the task at hand. Some leaders are authoritative, making all the decisions for group members and allowing no space for error or input. There are those who may opt to take the President Obama approach with a more democratic leadership role, inviting the ideas of others and encouraging open communication and staff participation. Then there are the servant leaders whom are largely respected and followedRead MoreLeadership And Leadership Theory Of Leadership1341 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Application Jesus Cabral Brandman University The author of this paper has been in various leadership positions for over 20 years. Some positions held by the author have been team leader, Operations Manager, General Manager, and Director of Operations. The author has lead teams with various degrees of education and from many cultures. The leadership theories studied during OLCU 400 will assist this leader though experienced to become much more effective and focus on thoseRead MoreLeadership, Leadership And Leadership Development915 Words   |  4 Pagestake a leadership role in any activity. They are more valued by followers and have higher performing teams. (Cherry 2014) However, leaders are the ones that use their leadership skills to make a difference in this world, such as presidents, teachers, or even college graduates. Leadership is not something you can learn from a book, but you have to gain this skill through experiences such as holding an office, organizing an event, speaking in front of people, or participating in a leadership programRead MoreLeadership Theories Of Leadership And Leadership Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership is important because it helps followers reach a common goal. There have been several studies based on effective leadership. The definition of leadership has evolved over the years adapting to the different views of the world. Leaders have influence on their followers they are looked up to. Being a leader means there will be interaction with different behaviors and personalities. Effective leaders sometimes have to adjust their style approach by the situation they are in. Every followersRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Leadership And Leadership887 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea of leadership has transformed throughout the years to encompass varying aspects of leadership approaches, leadership types and the like. According to Summerfield (2014), C. F. Rauch and O. Behling, quote leadership as: Leadership is the process of influencing the activities of an organized group toward goal achievement. Given its broad definition, leadership is understood to have different meanings when applied to diverse situations. For example, there are different types of approaches toRead MoreOrganizational Leadership : Leadership And Leadership1568 Words   |  7 PagesConceptualizing Leadership Leadership is different in the eyes of each and every individual. What one person considers great leadership may be viewed by another as too demanding. Ultimately, time, place, situation, and people involved are considered some of the view variables for which type of leadership will be most effective. Through taking the Gallup Strengths Finder survey, I have been able to cement some of my top strengths and see how they come into play in my daily life. Learning about strengths

Segregated Then And Segregated Now - 1191 Words

Josiah Paisley Overlea HS 12th Grade Mr. Otero 11/5/2015 Segregated Then; Segregated Now? Possibly†¦.. In this essay we’ll explore the questions â€Å"What progress has been made in race relations since WWII, and what remains to be done for our society to fulfill the vision of the â€Å"Double V† campaign? Interesting to say the least. For starters I believe a great deal remains to be done in order for race relations to show any significant improvements since WWII and the segregation which permeated the South and other parts of the US over 70 yrs ago. Let’s go back to the time when WWII took place from 1939 to 1945. A global war aka the â€Å"Second World War† World War II had many casualties pitting 2 alliances against each other the â€Å"Axis powers† and the â€Å"Allied powers.† Germany, Japan and Italy made up the â€Å"Axis powers.† France, Poland and Great Britain made up the â€Å"Allied powers.† Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 11 million people were killed) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres (in which approximately 1 million were killed, and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki) it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities, making World War II the deadliest conflict in human history. It was also the most widespread war in history, involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In time the above referenced alliances grew. As I ask myself what did WWIIShow MoreRelatedBlack Boy By Richard Wright1597 Words   |  7 Pagesnumerous experiences, both good and bad, that have shaped their community to show that they are more than just a race. Some periods in time such as the segregated South and the Vietnam War have shaped and changed the lives of many African American families. Black Boy, a memoir by Richard Wright, talks about his youth and experience in the segregated South. Bloods by Wallace Terry, on the other hand, showcases a collection of stories, events, and experiences of African Americans that have gone throughRead MoreJustice Can Be Described As The Fairness, Equity, Evenhandedness,1308 Words   |  6 Pageswe see today is Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King was a major factor in the laws we see today regarding equality, and he set the stage for what society should be like today. An analysis of, â€Å"A Letter for Birmingham Jail,† and, â€Å"Segregation Now,† will tell what Martins understanding of just and unjust were, the effects of Tuscaloosa’s schooling district on society, and whether or not Judge Blackburn’s ruling was just or not based on Martins understanding of justice. Martin Luther KingRead MoreDiverse Student Body from Brown vs. the Board of Education Essay950 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksand of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time. I have a dream.† – Martin Luther King Jr. It is because of the Brown vs. The Board of Education court case that allows the University of Texas at Austin, along with hundreds of universities, to be have a diverse student body. This case opened new doors to racial opportunities. What started off as a plea for equality, would change the world in its own way. Brown, who is notRead MoreThe Causes Of Segregation1472 Words   |  6 Pagesplaces because of family, work, that bring the positive for them to leave near them. For instance, in the article on WUWM titled â€Å" A Forgotten History Of How The U.S. Government Segregated America† by Terry Gross published on November 03, 2017 talks about how the government and people made Milwaukee a segregated city. The Government tried to separate people of 3 groups into suburban communities, white people, middle-class and the lower-middle class. The Government did not include African-AmericansRead MoreThe Civil Rights Act Of 19641689 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Act of 1964 ended state and local laws that involved segregation, prohibiting legal discrimination based on ethnicity, color, race, sex, and religion. Now, after much time has passed, people can pose the question: how prominent is segregation in today’s society? In particular, Chicago, the third largest city in the United States, poses interesting dynamics concerning this question. For one, the city consistently has high crime and murder rates in specific areas, while othe r partsRead MoreRacial Injustice in A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry and Sonny’s Blues, by James Baldwin1494 Words   |  6 PagesRaisin in the Sun† by Lorraine Hansberry and â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin stories. Both of the stories shows contrasting view on African American people living in fear of racial terrorism, physical harm, housing inequality, and dangerous life in segregated black neighborhood. However, they share similar views on racism in the form of economic oppression, and the experience of racial injustice in both of the author’s life which are expressed through their respective stories. In the 1950s, racism wasRead MoreRacial Discrimination : The United States1563 Words   |  7 Pageswere racially segregated: clean and good looking hotels were meant for whites, dirty and poorer rent payment were meant for colored people. His first experience with segregation has caused him to think about his decision to come down and have someone he knew well turn him down for the color of his skin. He notes that the restrooms were segregated, the buses were segregated, the places to eat and rest were racially segregated, and the places that one would occupy were racially segregated. DesegregationRead MoreEssay on Legal Writing Graded Project 2 - Petitioner1280 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Browns in their complaint and 12 other parents followed suit. In 1951, the NAACP requested an injunction that would now forbid the segregation of Topeka’s public schools. The case was heard from in two days, June 25-36, 1951, by the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas. At the trial, Thurgood Marshall, one of the lead attorneys in the case, argued that segregated schools sent the message to black children that they were inferior to whites; and because of this, the schools were inherentlyRead MoreI Have A Dream Speech Delivered By Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.1016 Words   |  5 Pagessegregation is still a big problem in our society today. During the late 1950s and early 1960s, prior to the Birmingham event, Negroes’ lives were better than before, not by much, however. In term of education, most Negroes were still in totally segregated schools, with minor percentages were able to attend to public schools with White classmates. Even though the South was known for segregation against Negro, their lives in the North weren’t any better. They too suffered the discrimination and humiliationRead MoreBlack Boys And Girls Holding Hands With Little Brown Vs. Board Of Education1663 Words   |  7 Pagesschools is now unconstitutional under the law. Dr. King’s dream of â€Å"little black boys and girls holding hands with little white boys and girls† is now a promising reality for children across America. The laws that once denied colored children and white children from co-learning were no longer allowed to legally stand after May 17, 1954. However, it is currently 2016, approximately sixty-two years a fter segregation in schools as unconstitutional, yet schools are still significantly segregated. Even though

The Emotional Control Of Special Education Essay - 1064 Words

Weaknesses, I do not seem to have any! After taking multiple assessments, talking to family, peers and students, and digging deep, I have had a hard time coming up with any weaknesses. In a non-conceited way, I seem to have multiple strengths but few weaknesses. However, in planning this essay I have come up with a few things that I could definitely benefit from, if I change. I have come to realize that I have some emotional control issues, issues such as impatience, enabling co-dependency, and anger. These issues could cause problems with gaining and maintaining a career in education, especially with plans to go into Special Education math. Special needs children and student require a lot of patience, and understanding. They also require consistency in everything. Impatience is something that most everyone contends with at one point or another. With plans to go into Special Education this can present a huge problem for me. Luckily, when it comes to students I have a large amount of patience in most areas. I see my impatience manifest most when waiting on them to complete tasks in a timely manner, such as getting out materials to start a class or completing an assignment on time. I plan to use my strength of communication to help combat this issue. I feel clearly stated expectations can help, as well as passing on some of my organizational skills. Written expectations that are reviewed with the class the first day, as well as concrete consequences, as well as putting aShow MoreRelatedEmotional Behavioral Disabilities Of Children1470 Words   |  6 Pagesessay will explain and examine emotional behavioral disabilities in children. It will also explain the many concerns that are related to certain students. Since the passing of many laws, many schools and their district all over the United States have included inclusion as a methods of teaching, because of this, the likelihood of many students in those classrooms will become diagnosed with a EBD which is known as an Emotional Behavioral Disorder. What is Emotional Behavioral Disorder? According toRead MoreImportance Of Special Education819 Words   |  4 Pagesthe education of children with respect to their social, emotional and mental development. The class provides an avenue where students can learn several items ranging from managing their emotions, being focused, easily following the given directions and establishing relations with their fellow peers and even the adults. With the increasing number of students and all other factors constant, schools have failed in effectively deal with students who require special education. The special education teachersRead MoreChallenges of Teaching Students with Ebd1237 Words   |  5 PagesStudents with EBD Laura Shupe Grand Canyon University: SPE-558 January 23, 2013 Education is an important factor of life that is a foundation of intellectual development and intelligence that shapes the futures of all students. There are students with disorders and disabilities who display hardships and delays in education that require different approaches and special teaching strategies. Students with emotional and behavioral disorders are a group of students that require such modification orRead MoreEmotional Behavarol1066 Words   |  5 PagesEMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR DISORDER IN EDUCATION FONDA D. BYERSON GRAND CANYON UNIVERSITY April 15, 2012 INTRODUCTION: Education is a very important part of society and weighs heavily on human development. It is presented to lay the foundation of knowledge and intellectual welfare for all people. However people being different physically, mentally, and emotionally brings in all types of groups. The diversity in society provides specific challenges for educators sworn to provideRead MoreProviding Support For Students with Emotional Distrubances Essay1307 Words   |  6 PagesSPE 600 Current Issues in Special Educational : Theoretical Practice and Procedures Spring 2011 Providing Support For Students with Emotional Distrubances As a Paraprofessional I have worked with many Special education populations. The most perplexing however was working with students diagnosed with Emotional behavior disturbances. The teacher that I supported has little trainingRead MoreProposal Defense Abused Children and Nurture Groups An Intervention1500 Words   |  6 PagesAbused Children and Nurture Groups An Intervention Program By Renà © Aparicio CIT 0610 Special Topics in Curriculum Design 2 Dr. Ronald W. Radcliffe Nova Southeastern University April 27, 2012 ââ€"   Describe in detail how the facilities might be customized to resemble a home environment and the educational techniques based on the principles of nurture for emotional intelligence development. In order to provide a home/educational environment, a peaceful, relaxing, cozyRead MoreEmotional And Behavioral Disorders Impact Today s System Of Learning1459 Words   |  6 Pagescenturies on the numerous types of emotional and behavioral disorders. From today s research of the disorders, mankind as a whole has a better understanding and can adapt to situations when under pressure of the existence of a disorder. Emotional and behavioral disorders impact today’s system of learning. Jean Cheng Gorman suggests from her research that having a deeper understanding of the emotional and behavioral disorders is the best way of maintaining the control of productive educational learningRead MoreThe Block Institute Of New York Supplies Services For Individuals With Developmental Disabilities1226 Words   |  5 PagesInstitute of New York supplies services for individuals with developmental disabilities as well as services for their families. The team working for The Block Institute c onsists of; Special Education teachers, Psychologists, Physical Therapists and Speech Therapists. This institute provides children’s services with special needs ranging from three to eleven years old. Extensive evaluations and services are provided through The Block Institute, which include; Physicals, Psychiatry/ Medication ManagementRead MoreUnit 7 Assignment Essay1076 Words   |  5 PagesMcCoy July 2, 2014 Introduction Special Educators are greatly needed in our school systems all over the United States. It takes a special person to be a Special Educator. In most jobs you are in need of patience, but with this career a requirement is patience. Some people are cut out for this career and some are not. Emotionally and physically this job can take a toll on someone. In this paper I will discuss what exactly is a Special Educator, what education is needed to become one, salaryRead MoreFinding the Right Path Essay1095 Words   |  5 PagesFinding the Right Path INTRODUCTION I have chosen to research about my future. I know that I want to major somewhere in Special education, but I am not sure where. I am going to research becoming a special education teacher and becoming a speech pathologist. Both are right down my path, but I am unsure of which suits me better. I am senior; therefore, this research is critical to the next step of my life. As of right now, I know a little about becoming a teacher. I have taken a class, Future Educators

Satire Essay Example For Students

Satire Essay SatireJoseph Heller who is perhaps one of the most famous writers of the 20th century writes on some emotional issues such as war. He does not deal with these issues in the normal fashion instead he criticizes them and the institutions that help carry these things out. Heller in fact goes beyond criticizing he satirizes. Throughout his two major novels Catch-22 and Good as Gold he satirizes almost all of Americas respectful institutions. To truly understand these novels you must recognize that they are satires and why they are. Catch-22 is a satire on World War II. This novel takes place on the small island of Pianosa in the Mediterranean sea late in the war when Germany is no longer a threat. It is the struggle of one man, Yossarian, to survive the war. Throughout this novel Yossarian is trying to escape the war, and in order to do so he does many improper things. Good as Gold is about a Jewish man named Gold. It is about Golds experiences with the government while being employed in the White House. It also deals in detail with Golds family problems and Golds struggle to write a book on the contemporary Jewish society. Throughout these two novels, Catch-22 and Good as Gold, Heller criticizes many institutions. In Good as Gold it is the White House and government as a whole, and in Catch-22 it is the military and medical institutions. In Catch-22 the military is heavily satirized. Heller does this by criticizing it. Karl agrees with this statement by offering an example of the satire of both the military and civilian institutions in Catch-22:The influence of mail clerk Wintergreen, the computer foul-up that promotes Major Major, and the petty rivalries among officers satirizes the communication failures and the cut-throat competition Heller saw within both the civilian and military bureaucracies of the 1950s. Even the Civil Rights movement, not yet widespread in the 1950s, is satirized in Colonel Cathcart attitudes toward enlisted men. (23)Karl summarizes the satirazation of the military with this: The enemy in Hellers book is not simply the chaos of war, but also the deadly inhuman bureaucracy of the military-economic establishment which clams to be a stay against chaos while it threatens human life moreinsidiously then battle itself. Heller also questions the need for the death and carnage throughout the novel asking if it is really necessary. Many other institutions are also satirized in Catch-22. Bryant points out the extreme variety of institutions that Heller satirizes with this His satire is directed toward the institutions that make up society, business, psychiatry, medicine, law, the military. . . (Bryant 228). Medicine is one of the institutions that is heavily satirized. He does this by portraying medicine as a science that is almost barbaric and not exact. He writes of how the men of the squadron used the hospital as a way out of battle. Catch-22 it self begins in the hospital where Yossarian is faking Jaundice of the liver in order to avoid battle. Many characters also take this up as a form of staying out of battle. Heller addresses the barbarism of medicine with Dr. Daneekas aides. He writes of them painting peoples gums and feet violet in order to ward of certain illnesses. In Catch-22 Heller also satirize religion. This occurs in Chapter Nineteen when Colonel Cathcart is aspiring to become a general. In this chapter religion is satirized in a number of ways. The first is when Colonel Cathcart uses it for a social icon to improve his chance of becoming general. Dr. Peek agrees with this by saying . . . we see a satire on religion used as a matter of social status (25). In Catch-22 there is also one more major satiriazation it is that of industry and finance. The reason this is true is because of certain things Milo says such as Whats good for the syndicate is good for the country (Karl 34). Good as Gold is manly a satire on the White House and government. Heller portrays the White House as being, disgraceful, according to Merrill. Merrill believes that this work criticizes politics almost from page one and that it does an excellent job of it in fact he writes A number of reviewers found that the Washington satire brilliant and incisive. . . (103). The other device that Heller uses is humor. Catch-22 is so satirical in places that it is hilarious. Mr. Hellers talent and use of comedy is so prevalent in these novels that it caused The Atlantic to write Mr. Hellers talents for comedy are so considerable that one gets irritated when he keeps pressing (Phoenix 31). Other critics such as Brustein also wrote that Hellers works are extremely hilarious (228). Although the novel is funny is uses humor in order to further satirize. Dr. Peek agrees with this statement by saying that Its Catch-22 not a flag-waving war adventure, but a novel using humor to discredit or ridicule aspects of out society (24). Dr. Peek also goes on to comment on the amount of comical dialogue in the novel. He says that it contains a significant amount of this dialogue and that it further adds to the humor (11). Heller even takes his humor as far as naming his characters comically. Dr. Karl points out the comical naming of Major Major which turns into Major Major Major Major with his accidental promotion (11). The attaching of the prefix Hungry to Joes name in the novel is also comical, but Heller does not stop at that he goes as far as naming a character Scheisskopf, the parade crazed lieutenant, which actually means shithead. (Peek 10). Vietnam3 Persuasive EssayGood as Gold also has a certain element of irony although it is less apparent. The characters of the White House seem to take their job lightly and do the improper things. The offering of a White House job as high-level as the Secretary of State to Professor Gold by Ralph Newsome, the presidential aide, simply because the president liked Golds book on him is ironic and a excellent example of satire. In Catch-22 Heller also portrays characters that hold high level positions in the military as being incompetent and irresponsible. Merrill believes that almost all of the characters in the novel are portrayed incompetent which is according to satiric fashions. He sites the numerous doctors that Yossarian fooled by faking a liver condition. He also cites Gus and Wes, Doctor Daneekas assistants, as being incompetent for their rushing of people to the hospital for a fever and their painting to ill peoples toes and gums violet (Merrill 18). It is also obvious in the novel that the military decisions are made in a absurd way and are highly illogical. The prime example of this is in the character Wintergreen who intercepts mail between the generals and doctors thereby allowing him to change orders to his liking. On this subject Burgess commented in his work on contemporary fiction by saying His approach Hellers is not merely satirical it is surrealistic, absurd, even lunatic, though the aim is serious enough to show . . . the monstrous egotism of the top brass (Burgess 140). This example of Wintergreen and the Burgess quote further show the irresponsibility and incompetence of high ranking officers. Heller portrays the military in Catch-22 as being exploitative of its soldiers and society. This is true in certain circumstances such as the tight bomb pattern that Colonel Cathcart deems imperative in order for him to be raised in command level. The military seems to act irresponsibly almost all the time. At one point in the novel the military ordered a whole civilian town destroyed in order to obtain a picture of a tight bomb pattern. This portraysion goes farther then a tight bomb pattern it extends to the point of total control of the soldiers in the military. Dr. Peek comments on this saying that . . . satire against dominating bureaucracy in general as the squadron begins to realize that administrators whose job is to serve them have taken control of their lives instead (20). The last device that Heller uses to create satire is in Good as Gold. In this novel he uses extreme amounts of caricature. This occurs especially in the White House characters. Merrill also points out Hellers caricature of Jewish people as whole by saying that their are no Jews in Good as Gold only caricatures conceived on a level somewhat between sitcom and slapstick (100). Hellers two novels, Catch-22 and Good as Gold, in short contain much satire. Catch-22 contains satire which is deeply integrated into its architecture, while Good as Gold is more superficial but still substantial. While Catch-22 satirizes primarily the military, Good as Gold satirizes the White House and government. These two novels contain many devices such as humor, irony, and caricature in order to achieve the desired effect of satire. As Karl points out Catch-22 had a profound effect on peoples views on war and also a impact on war novels of the 1960s and 1970s. If these novels are read as anything but satires they will not be appreciated nor understood totally. Works CitedBrustein, Robert. The Logic of Survival in a Lunatic World. TheCritic as Artist: Essay on Books 1920-1970 1972:47-54. Rpt. in Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Eds. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale, 1975. 228. Bryant, Jerry H. The Open Decision: The Contemporary American Novel and Its Intellectual Background. 1970:156-159. Rpt. in. Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Eds. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale, 1975. 229. Burgess, Anthony. The Novel: A Guide to Contemporary Fiction. 1967:53. Rpt. in Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 1973. 140. Heller, Joseph. Catch-22. New York: Dell, Aug 1963. Heller, Joseph. Good as Gold. New York: Simon,1979. Karl, Frederick R. Barrons Book Notes Joseph Hellers Catch-22 (1983). American Online. Merrill, Robert. Joseph Heller. Ed. Warren French. Twaynes United States Authors Series. Boston: Twayne, 1987. Olderman, Raymond M. The Grail Knight Departs. Beyond the Waste Lands: A Study of the American Novel in the Nineteen-Sixties. Rpt. in Heller, Joseph. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Carolyn Riley. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale, 1975. 229-230. Peek, C. A., Ph.D. Cliffs Notes on Hellers Catch-22. Ed. Gary Carey. Cliff Notes. Lincoln: Cliff, 1993. Phoenix, James. Joseph Heller: The Comedian. Atlantic Sept 1987: 47-52. 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